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Date: 2002/11/25 Monday Page: 001 Section: NEWS Edition: FINAL Size: 1072
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Immigrants living in suburbs pedal a gantlet to get to work
By BRIAN DONOHUE
STAR-LEDGER STAFF
In the early mornings, Mexican laborers ride mountain bikes through the rain
to construction sites in the new developments of Morris County.
After closing time, Salvadoran restaurant workers cycle home from the
businesses along Route 202 in Hunterdon County. On the shoulder of Route 1,
Guatemalan immigrants pedal second-hand 10-speeds en route to jobs at motels
and carwashes.
Along New Jersey's busy suburban roadways, they are an increasingly common
sight these days. Thousands of newly arrived immigrants, who are either
unable to afford a car or prohibited from obtaining a license because of
their illegal status, have taken to the roads on bicycle.
Motorists, who have owned the roads for decades, are often surprised to see
them. "I've almost hit a couple of them down on Broad Street," said Donna
Smolucha of Raritan Township. "It's just that they don't have the money, the
resources. It really makes you realize how lucky the rest of us are."
The influx is the result of a combination of a marked shift in immigration
patterns, economics and state licensing laws.
For decades, most new immigrants settled in cities, not suburbs. They lived
in places where jobs, schools and stores could be reached by foot, bus or
train.
That pattern has changed dramatically, as large numbers of immigrants have
found work and settled in the state's smaller towns and suburbs - a
landscape literally built, in many cases, with the automobile in mind.
"There is no transportation. It's a little dangerous, but what else am I
going to do?" Jose Gonzalez said after stopping his rusty 10-speed along
Route 46 in Parsippany one afternoon last week.
The 36-year-old Mexican laborer lives in Pine Brook, a place where a simple
errand requires a trip out onto the highway. Last week, he was riding home
from a hardware store, where he had a copy of his apartment key made.
"They cut in front of you, cut you off, they never use their turn signals,"
he said, looking out over five lanes of Route 46 traffic roaring by. "They
have no idea we're here."
Some of the bikers lack the legal status required to obtain a driver's
license. Others, who are here legally, simply lack the money for a car and
insurance. "I make seven dollars an hour," said Flemington resident Jose
Ruiz, a 26-year old Guatemalan immigrant who cycles along Route 202 to and
from his job as a restaurant kitchen worker at Jake's American Cafe. "This
is all I can afford."
There are an estimated 8 million illegal immigrants in the United States,
with about 135,000 in New Jersey, according to the U.S. Immigration and
Naturalization Service.
Immigrant advocates have called for a change in the rules that would allow
undocumented immigrants to obtain driver's licenses, saying they need them
to get to work.
Before the events of Sept. 11, 2001, campaigns by highway safety
organizations, immigrants' rights advocates, labor, law enforcement and
religious organizations were gaining momentum in more than a dozen states.
But after the terrorist attacks, New Jersey and several other states
tightened foreigners' access to driver's licenses. Efforts to license
undocumented immigrants have largely stalled.
On a sunny Thursday morning last month, Manuel Tejada and Miguel Soldad,
both Mexican immigrants, pedaled along their daily route from Orange to
Montclair to jobs paving driveways and sidewalks.
As they reached a curve on Orange Avenue, they were struck from behind by a
van driven by James Stewart of Irvington. The driver told police he was
stricken with chest pains and let go of the wheel.
Tejada was found dead, lying on a curbside pile of bricks. Soldad spent two
weeks in a coma with a ruptured spleen.
The Essex County Prosecutor's Office is considering charges against Stewart.
On the advice of his attorney, Soldad declined go into detail about the
accident.
"We were just going to work," he said, lying in bed in a cramped Orange
apartment he shares with his wife and four other relatives. "I didn't see
anything."
Neither of the men was wearing helmets.
Joung Kim, owner of Kim's bicycle shop in a New Brunswick neighborhood
heavily populated with Mexicans, said she struggles to convey the importance
of safety precautions to new arrivals.
"I tell everyone, you need a lock, lights and a helmet. Everybody buys a
lock, 50 percent buy lights and nobody buys helmets," she said.
Citing a lack of awareness among many immigrants of the dangers of cycling,
the Brain Injury Association of New Jersey last year launched its first
bilingual campaign to promote helmet use, with plans to spread the message
on roadside billboards this year.
For some who know the difficulty of negotiating busy roads by bike, the
sight of someone pedaling to work along a busy roadway brings back memories
of the hard life left behind.
For three years after arriving from Ethiopia in the late 1980s, Mesfin Hagos
worked the night shift, first at Crown Fried Chicken, then at Wendy's on
West Market Street in Newark.
At 2 a.m. each night, through summer heat and blinding snowstorms, he
pedaled his 10-speed "piece of junk" 45 minutes to his home in Orange, too
worried about muggers to stop and wipe his nose.
Now, Hagos works as an auto mechanic at a Summit Exxon and is a legal
permanent resident, having been granted political asylum from his war-torn
homeland. In his Orange apartment, he keeps a $1,500 Italian-made DeBernardi
racing bike. He never uses it.
"I use my car," he said. "I keep my golf clubs in the trunk."
Last week, Hagos, 29, was driving along Route 22 in Union Township when he
saw a darkened figure pedaling along the median. It brought back memories.
"Man, that was a rough time," he said. "Those guys are suffering."
Not every biker sees it that way.
"I stay on the shoulder and I don't have any problem, except the cold," said
Julio Reyes a Mexican immigrant who rides his BMX bike to work at a Route
202 restaurant. "These roads are better than the ones in Mexico."
____________________________________________________________________________
_________________ Brian Donohue covers immigra tion issues. He may be
reached at
bdonohue@starledger.com or (973)392-1543.
PHOTO CAPTION: 1. On a commute to his restaurant job, Jose Ruiz of
Flemington pedals along the shoulder of busy Route 202. The number of
foreign laborers cycling along New Jersey roadways has increased as more
immigrants settle in suburban communities. CREDIT: 1. FRANK H. CONLON/THE
STAR-LEDGER
Etc. BOX: "I make seven dollars an hour. This is all I can afford."JOSE
RUIZ, A 26-YEAR OLD GUATEMALAN IMMIGRANT
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